J INTOUCH displays system, program and procedure messages within the bottom screen frame. For example:
INTOUCH W ^ .New mail on node FAST from FAST::SARALEE (22:33:15) W EXIT = Exit \ = Back HELP = Help
M If the screen frame is not on, messages will be displayed on the bottom line H of the screen. These are INTOUCH's default message lines. If you want K messages to appear elsewhere on the screen you can change the default line ) (see Section 9.9, ASK| SET MESSAGELINE).
L 1.8 Using the Tab Key Features
G When in INTOUCH, the Tab key can be used to perform various B operations that cut down the time it takes to write program code. D As you get familiar with INTOUCH and the INTOUCH language, you will ? find that the Tab key features can be very helpful.
J When you use the Tab key at the INTOUCH prompt or while in the K INTOUCH editor, you will find that Tab indents in the following ways:
I When entering an INTOUCH command, you can enter part of the command, and N then press the Tab key. INTOUCH will then supply the full name of I the command. If the command is ambiguous, a selection menu of all valid choices will appear.
> In the following example, INTOUCH completes so to form the command sort:
5 20 soTab <--- your entry 1 20 sort <--- INTOUCH supplies
= In this example, in is ambiguous, so INTOUCH provides a menu of choices:
G +--Choices---+ @ | INCLUDE | @ | INF | @ | INPUT | @ +------------+ 30 in
K The Tab key can be used to correct misspelled words in INTOUCH. L Just position the cursor on the misspelled word and press the TabK key. The word will be replaced with its correct spelling. In the example < below, the misspelled command SET STRCTRE is changed : instantly to the correct command spelling when the Tab key is pressed.
50 set strctreTab 50 set structure
H INTOUCH uses abbreviations for a number of statements. You can use the H Tab key with any of the specific abbreviations to expand the J appreviations. To use this feature, enter an abbreviation and then press I the Tab key. The current abbreviations that can be used are:
| os. | OPEN STRUCTURE | |
| es. | EXTRACT STRUCTURE | |
| ee. | END EXTRACT | |
| in. | INCLUDE | |
| ex. | EXCLUDE | |
| fe. | FOR EACH | |
| e. | EDIT | |
| l. | LIST | |
| p. | ||
| pu. | PRINT USING | |
| ss. | SET STRUCTURE | |
| pa. | PRINT AT | |
| li. | LINE INPUT | |
| pc. | PRINT # | |
| oc. | OPEN # | |
| pe. | PRINT _EXTRACTED | |
| lm. | LINE INPUT MENU | |
| ls. | LINE INPUT SCREEN |
H You can enter INTOUCH program code at the INTOUCH prompt. You can also A use the INTOUCH editor to create and change program code. D Refer to Section 2.3.9, EDIT for information on the INTOUCH editor.
E The appendix sections of this Guide provide information on INTOUCH's J built-in fuctions, error and exception messages and other general topics. G You will want to get familiar with the built-in functions as they will % allow you to easily manipulate data.
M Now that you have an idea of how to use and work in the INTOUCH environment, L the remainder of this Guide will provide the information you need to create and use INTOUCH programs.
G Part of this chapter and several other chapters in this Guide describe J the commands and statements in the INTOUCH language. The purpose of this C section is to explain how the command and statement information is presented.
F Statements that can only be used in connection with one another, such G as IF THEN or the SELECT CASE statements, are described together. Each F command and statement description includes the following information:
R INPUT [options] var [, var...] (example 1) R EXTRACT STRUCTURE struc_name: KEY field = expr1 [TO expr2] (example 2) --- % --- block of code --- END EXTRACT
H The FORMAT contains the command or statement format. This includes the ? required keywords and the optional elements, if there are any.
F Keywords are words that must be typed exactly as shown in the format. G Keywords are shown in UPPER-CASE, e.g. EXTRACT STRUCTURE, KEY, TO, END H EXTRACT. The elements in lower-case represent information that must be B provided by the user in order to use the statement. For example, G "struc_name" (the structure name) must be provided by the user in this C statement. "field" and "expr1" information must also be provided.
E Keywords and lower-case elements in brackets are optional. Multiple # options are separated with commas.
F INTOUCH is space sensitive, so spaces must be included where they are E shown in the format. Either the single quote or double quote can be ! used as long as they are paired.
@ For information on elements (struc_name, expr1, etc.) and their I representations, bracket usage and other conventions used in this Guide, 2 you can refer to Conventions Used in this Manual.
C 10 INPUT 'Enter full name', TIMEOUT 30, ELAPSED x%: name$ PRINT name$ ' PRINT 'Elapsed time: '; x% 20 END RNH $ Enter full name? TTI Tester TTI Tester Elapsed time: 13
L The EXAMPLE shows how the command or statement is used. Wherever possible, > the example is a full program rather than a program fragment.
I You are encouraged to type in the INTOUCH examples and try running them.
B In some cases, PURPOSE information is provided for usage clarity.
F The DESCRIPTION is a detailed description of the command or statement F which tells about the command or statement, explains how it works and other specific information.
@ INTOUCH COMMANDS cause INTOUCH to take some action. You B can use the commands at the INTOUCH prompt. For instance, in the ? following example, the command RUN executes the entered program.
% 10 INPUT 'Your name, please': name$ 20 PRINT 'Hello, '; name$ 30 END RUN NONAME 21-APR-1995 17:40 Your name, please? Tester Hello, Tester INTOUCH
K The following sections describe and explain how to use many of the INTOUCH commands.
NEW ['workspace_name']
W INTOUCH 4.2 Program: print_name W The Next Generation Language Status : INTOUCH NEW 'print_name' INTOUCH W W EXIT = Exit \ = Back HELP = Help
; NEW clears current memory and assigns a name to the ) current workspace. The workspace name:
H Whenever you begin writing a new program, type NEW followed by the name H of the new program. If you do not enter a workspace name, INTOUCH uses the default name "NONAME".
L When INTOUCH executes the NEW command, it clears current memory and assigns N the name you specify or NONAME, if you do not specific a name, to the current N workspace. The workspace name appears to the right of the "Program:" heading ) in the upper right corner of the screen.
Note
C When you use the NEW command, current memory is cleared and I any programs in memory are lost. Therefore, if you want to save what is G in current memory, you need to do a SAVE or REPLACE before you use the I NEW command. INTOUCH writes all active output buffers, closes all files and releases all storage.
SAVE ['file_spec']
SAVE 'print_name' INTOUCH
< After a NEW program has been created, the SAVE* command is used to save it for later use.
J The SAVE command is used to save original files. An original file is one L which has a unique file specification (i.e., there are no other files saved L under that name). When INTOUCH saves a program, it is ordered sequentially 7 by line number. INTOUCH saves programs as text files.
D SAVE, with no file specification, saves your file under the current B workspace name with an extension of .INT. You can include C a complete file specification with the SAVE command. For example:
- SAVE 'testdisk:[programs]print_name'
J If a file specification is included, INTOUCH tries to save the file under J the specification. (See the Command Language and DCL User's Guide H Volume 2--Section 3, of the OpenVMS Version 5.5 documentation set for a % description of file specifications.)
J If you do not give a complete file specification, or if you do not give a J directory, INTOUCH saves the program in your current (default) directory.
E For the SAVE command, the file specification must be unique. If the C file specification is not unique (if a file with the same name has K already been saved), an exception will result. (Exceptions are discussed 8 in Appendix C, INTOUCH's Error and Exception Messages.)
J After you have saved a file once, you use the REPLACE command to save the copy or changed version.
REPLACE ['file_spec']
REPLACE 'print_name' INTOUCH
@ After you make changes to a program, use REPLACE to save the new version.
G The REPLACE command replaces the last version of your program with the H version in current memory. If an earlier version of the file cannot be A found, INTOUCH creates a new file with the specification given. D file_spec is the specification for the file being replaced. I If no file specification is included, INTOUCH uses the current workspace " name and the default .INT.
D If an earlier version does exist, INTOUCH saves the copy in current E memory and increments the version number by 1. Previous versions of I the file remain unchanged. The program in current memory is not changed & when the REPLACE command is executed.
ABORT [int_expr]
INTOUCH ABORT W ^ INTOUCH Finished 1-MAY-1995 17:16 FAST$
7 ABORT aborts INTOUCH without saving your latest changes.
@ This statement passes the ABORT status to the operating system. C In this way, INTOUCH applications can force a command procedure to abort.
C You can also give ABORT an OPTIONAL status value, int_expr, D to pass to the operating system. int_expr is an exit status E code in decimal. This value will be passed to DCL as the reason why INTOUCH aborted.
INTOUCH ABORT 200 W ^ INTOUCH Finished 1-MAY-1995 17:16 ; %SYSTEM-W-GSDFULL, global section descriptor table is full $
) "ABORT 200" produces the same result as:
$ exit %d200 C %SYSTEM-W-GSDFULL, global section descriptor table is full
$ 6 " {RUN | RNH} ['file_spec']
% 10 INPUT 'Your name, please': name$ 20 PRINT 'Hello, '; name$ 30 END RUN NONAME 21-APR-1995 17:40 Your name, please? Tester Hello, Tester INTOUCH
4 Use the RUN or RNH command to execute % a program after it has been written.
C The RUN command executes programs. RUN with no file specification ? (as in the above example) runs the current program in memory.
F When INTOUCH executes the RUN command, INTOUCH displays a header with D the program name, current date and time. INTOUCH then executes the program in memory.
D You can give a file specification with the RUN command. If a file H specification is provided, INTOUCH searches for the file, loads it, and F then runs it. If no extension is given, INTOUCH will use the default extension .INT.
INTOUCH $ RUN 'testdisk:[programs]print_name' NONAME 21-APR-1995 17:40 Your name, please? Tester Hello, Tester INTOUCH
G RNH runs the specified program without displaying the program header. M Other than suppressing the header, RNH operates the same as the RUN command.
OLD ['file_spec']
INTOUCH OLD 'print_name' INTOUCH LIST PRINT_NAME 1-MAY-1995 20:32 % 10 INPUT 'Your name, please': name$ 20 PRINT 'Hello, '; name$ 30 END INTOUCH
7 The OLD command loads a program you have saved.
F OLD searches for the file specified and loads it into current memory. D file_spec is the specification for the file you are loading. A If no extension is specified, INTOUCH uses the default extension : .INT. If no file_spec is provided with the K OLD command, INTOUCH tries to load the file carrying the current workspace & name and an extension of .INT.
J When INTOUCH loads a file, it assigns the file name (minus the extension) K to the current workspace. The file name appears at the "Program:" heading ) in the upper right corner of the screen.
Note
I When the OLD command is executed, any file previously in memory is lost.
E The contents of any variables in the new program are cleared (set to D zero for numeric variables and a null string for string variables).
E If INTOUCH cannot find the file specified, an exception is generated 0 and the file in current memory does not change.
> {LIST | LNH} [label | line_num | routine {- | ,} ...]
INTOUCH OLD 'print_name' INTOUCH LIST PRINT_NAME 1-MAY-1995 20:32 % 10 INPUT 'Your name, please': name$ 20 PRINT 'Hello, '; name$ 30 END INTOUCH
; Use the LIST command to display all or part of your program source code.
E LIST displays lines from the program in current memory. The listing E includes a header with the program name, current date and time. The < LNH command suppresses the header. LIST (or LNH) by I itself lists the entire program in current memory. It lists the program I sorted sequentially by line number. If no program is in current memory, nothing will be listed.
D LNH lists the program without displaying the program header. Other H than suppressing the header, LNH operates the same as the LIST command.
J Specific sections of a program can be listed by referencing the program's F line numbers, labels and routines. You can also list a range of line M numbers (low to high) and combinations of line numbers, labels and routines. For example:
| LIST 500, 630, 710 | )lists lines 500, 630 and 710 |
| LIST 210-230, 400 | 2lists lines 210 thru 230 and line 400 |
| LIST do_input | ?lists the lines of code under the label "do_input" |
| LIST date_routine | :lists the lines in the "date_routine" routine |
| LIST 210-230, do_input | 3lists a line range and the label lines |
| LIST 21000 | Alists from the line number to the end of the program |
I If a line is specified which does not exist, nothing is listed. INTOUCH H displays program lines in the order requested. Therefore, lines can be listed out of sequential order.
K [LIST | LNH] ERROR [:label | line_num [- | ,] label | line_num...]
LIST ERROR or LNH ERROR
> LIST ERROR lists compile-time errors to the terminal. J LIST ERROR displays the line number and the source code of all lines with ? errors. LNH ERROR lists the errors without the program header, date and time.
J All available options for the LIST command are available with LIST ERROR.
P EDIT line_num | label | routine [[- | ,] line_num | label | routine...]
% EDIT 410, 510-570, DO_TOTALS
? EDIT allows you to make changes to your program using a full-screen text editor.
I EDIT transfers control to an editor. The program or a specified part of G it is placed in the editor. You can then modify the program using the K editor. When the editor is exited, INTOUCH returns to the INTOUCH prompt.
J The INTOUCH environment is integrated into the TPU editor with EDT keypad N and INTOUCH extended features. The INTOUCH editor is automatically activated when you enter EDIT.
J If you do not want to use the INTOUCH editor, you will need to define the 8 logical, INTOUCH_EDITOR, to FALSE and the 1 EDIT symbol to the editor of your choice.
& $ DEFINE INTOUCH_EDITOR FALSE $ $ DEFINE EDIT == "EDIT/EDT"
M EDIT by itself, puts the entire program in current memory. The program must K be in current memory to use the EDIT command. Specific sections of a file N can be edited by referencing the program's line numbers, labels and routines.
E All available options for the LIST command are available to the EDIT command.
RENUMBER
3 DIM name$(5) 5 FOR i = 1 TO 5 1 7 INPUT 'Your name, please': name$(i) ' 8 PRINT 'Hello, '; name$(i) 9 NEXT i 10 END RENUMBER + Pass 1, scanning source statements & Pass 2, changing line numbers ' Pass 3, rebuilding source code INTOUCH LNH 1000 DIM name$(5) 1010 FOR i = 1 TO 5 4 1020 INPUT 'Your name, please': name$(i) * 1030 PRINT 'Hello, '; name$(i) 1040 NEXT i 1050 END
> Use RENUMBER to renumber your program when you run out of room between line numbers.
H RENUMBER operates on the program in current memory. RENUMBER renumbers G or resequences the program in current memory. It takes the first line J number and renumbers it 1000. Subsequent line numbers are incremented by = ten and all references to line numbers are changed to match.
FRAME {ON | OFF} FRAME ON FRAME OFF
? FRAME OFF clears the screen and turns the INTOUCH frame H off. The INTOUCH frame consists of the highlighted bars across the top < and bottom of the screen and the information they contain.
B FRAME ON clears the screen and turns the INTOUCH frame on.
REFRESH
REFRESH
@ REFRESH repaints the INTOUCH screen. INTOUCH clears the K screen and repaints the INTOUCH frame and prompt. This includes any other $ information that was on the screen.
IDE
INTOUCH IDE Version 4.2 < INTOUCH Copyright (c) 1984-1995 Touch Technologies, Inc. . USA: (800) 525-2527 (619) 566-3603 INTOUCH
? IDE causes INTOUCH to display its copyright and version I number. Use the version number when contacting Touch Technologies, Inc. with suggestions or problems.
4 2.3.14 COMPILE
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4